Surgical removal or reduction of human fat through draining is called liposuction. This method is by no means a solution to obesity, which has to be solved with diet and bigger physical load.
What makes life bitter for many people are the increased fat deposits in certain body areas, where the adipose tissue creates noticeable fat pillows, either symmetrical or asymmetrical. These can then deform the body and present a source of psychical problems. Such fat pillows do not react at all (or very little) to weight loss and stay almost untouched. According to current aesthetical criteria they are considered to be a beauty defect. Should be emphasized that we are not talking about evenly spread out adipose tissue. Places of such adipose tissue deposits are for example jowl, extrinsic sides of thighs (by the hip joint), intrinsic sides of knee joints, sometimes the upper parts of intrinsic sides of thighs or on the front side of shanks, where it creates columnar shanks. Other places include isolated fat pillows in lower abdomen or epigastrium. The surrounding layer of hypodermic fat is 50% or more thinner than the actual fat pillows. Adipose tissue deposits are one of the secondary sexual characteristics and are very individual.
First step to take in such cases is to consult a plastic surgeon, who will consider all the relevant circumstances and inform the patient about the possibilities in his or her own case. The surgeon will explain the insights of the surgery and its plan. The result of the surgery can be forecasted only approximately, because it is impossible to say exactly, how much fat will be removed during the surgery and whether it will be possible to remove amount needed to make the body symmetrical. This is especially apparent with asymmetries. It is never possible to drain such exact amount of fat in order to guarantee the body symmetry wanted by the patient. What has to be taken into the consideration is that nobody is borned with fully symmetrical body, where one half would mirror the other half. Not even plastic surgery can guarantee this. Another problem is patient's skin. It is impossible to forecast the skin's reaction, whether it will shrink as expected or whether there will be too much of it after the surgery. This depends on the elasticity and contractility and on the skin type itself. One has to know that the liposuction has, like every other surgery, its specifications and good result does not depend only upon the surgeon's quality. The surgery is only the first phase, the second phase, healing, depends also on the patient, how he follows the surgeons advice and wears the compression bandage. The optimal age for this surgery is between 18 and 35 years. The upper age limit is not set firmly and depends on the concrete condition of the patient and especially on the skin quality. Sometimes it is needed to combine the liposuction with the removal of the extra skin. But then the scars remain, so it depends on the patients motivation, whether to remove the extra skin or not. After the liposuction itself, only the small and decent scars remain (length 0,5-1 cm).
It is necessary to point out that liposuction is not recommended for the reduction of large continual areas (front sides of thighs, calves). One cannot guarantee that in these areas the irregular disparities wont be formed, which cannot be almost removed, even when following all the rules. The occurrence of all the disparities in the areas of the surgery also depends on the patient's age; the younger the patient is the smaller is the probability of any complications.

1 ) After the plastic surgeon's checkup and determining the date of surgery the patient gets the recommendation for the internal pre-surgical check-up, which cannot be older than 1 month before the surgery.
2) The patient is measured in order to prepare the elastic bandage, which is paid by the patient. The bandage is ready on the date of surgery.
3) At least one month prior to the surgery the patient cannot use any drugs containing acetylsalicylic acid (which reduces the blood coagulation), for example Acylpyrin, Acylkoffin, Aspro, Alnagon. The usage of these drugs highly increases the risk of heavy bleeding during and after the surgery; such patient cannot undergo the surgery!!
4) The surgery is paid for on the day of the surgery. The patient will receive a receipt for the amount paid.
5) The patient leaves after complete awakening, preferably accompanied.
6) Starting the midnight of the day of the surgery the patient cannot eat, drink nor smoke. 7) Take a dress that does not need to be pulled over a head.
8) Discontinue the use of hormonal contraception 2 months prior to the surgery.

The surgery is done in the complete anesthesia. The draining cannula connected to the special vacuum air pump is inserted in the little cuts in the area of the surgery. The amount of fat removed during one surgery is limited, because the risk of post-surgical complications increases rapidly with it. The areas after the surgery are covered with the elastic plaster or directly with the elastic bandage. During the first month after the surgery the patient puts off the elastic bandage only for the time needed for the personal hygiene. The surgeon determines the frequency of post-surgical controls. The last control is 3 months after the surgery, when the surgery's result can be evaluated.

The complications connected with this type of surgery are general: infections, bleedings, swellings, increased body temperature. These are tried to be prevented by the exclusion of the circumstances, which lead to such complications. Bruises are common after the liposuction and are absorbed during 2 to 3 weeks. Another complication that may occur is the uneven skin during the healing period. This is the risk of very loose skin, where the lost of skin elasticity is due to the age or the genetic information of the patient. Then only in special cases can be formed so called the orange skin.